- por Nipun GorantlaAlthough the gap between research and implementation is frequently emphasized, examples from United States (US) cancer care demonstrate that health services research can be translated into meaningful policy and practice. This Health Policy piece examines four US oncology cases spanning state legislation, federal payment reform, patient advocacy, and clinical measurement, which are the Delaware Cancer Consortium, the Oncology Care Model and Enhancing Oncology Model, COLONTOWN, and the COST…
- por Zia-Ul-Rehman Najeeb3D printing enables rapid prototyping and the customized production of functional medical devices. In neurosurgery, where precise anatomical representation is essential, 3D printing is widely utilized to fabricate patient-specific implants, surgical guides, and anatomical models for preoperative planning and training purposes. Medical 3D printing predominantly utilizes polymer-based materials. The advances in polymer science have established biomaterials as essential components in healthcare…
- por Dominique Muhindo BalikwishaCystoperitoneal shunt and ventriculoperitoneal shunt are commonly used cerebrospinal fluid diversion procedures in neurosurgery. Although generally effective, these procedures are associated with several complications, including shunt migration. Transanal extrusion of the distal catheter after shunt migration is a rare but potentially serious complication, reported in approximately 0.1%-0.7% of shunt procedures, and is usually associated with bowel perforation and a risk of retrograde central…
- por Y AthielCONCLUSION: Using the Orphanet classification, prenatal ultrasound examination allows reliable anatomical characterization of CSD in 89.7% of cases. Motor outcomes are generally favorable, whereas urological morbidity is observed in nearly half of cases at 18 months. These are important elements to consider in prenatal counseling. © 2026 The Author(s). Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and…
- por Siena ConoMesial temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common focal epilepsy in adults and has historically been attributed to acquired hippocampal injury caused by precipitating insults such as prolonged febrile seizures and head trauma. However, recent studies have identified somatic variants activating Ras-MAPK signaling in more than 40% of surgically resected mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) hippocampi. These variants, which are enriched in cases with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS), exhibit evidence…
- por Aya TanakaCONCLUSIONS: The beacon-based system objectively captured physicians' location-based on-site presence patterns. The substantial variation in work patterns and the discrepancy between location-based on-site time and administratively recorded working time highlighted the complexity of physicians' workloads. Thus, department-specific strategies are necessary to promote effective work-style reform and improve physicians' well-being.
- por Xuandong KongGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, and virtually all patients relapse on standard temozolomide (TMZ) plus radiotherapy. The molecular mechanisms that allow residual tumor cells to survive treatment, reshape the microenvironment, and seed a drug-resistant recurrence remain incompletely understood. We analyzed paired bulk RNA-seq from 13 primary-recurrent patient pairs (GSE139533), used two published primary GBM single-cell/single-nucleus samples…
- por Seong-Ho MoonCONCLUSIONS: Sustained smoking cessation was associated with progressively lower ischemic stroke risk overall, with substantial risk attenuation observed after prolonged abstinence.
- por Tessa A HarlandNo abstract
- por Prasad S VannemreddyNo abstract
- por Álex MenéndezNo abstract
- por Tatsumaru FukudaEarly brain injury (EBI) critically determines post-subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) outcome, with worse prognosis in older patients. Aging confers exaggerated inflammation, possibly via gut microbiome (GM) alterations. We investigated whether GM alterations contribute to aging-related worsening of post-SAH EBI and whether GM modulation can reduce this inflammatory vulnerability. Young (8-12 weeks) and aged (17-20 months) male C57BL/6 mice underwent experimental SAH. Neurological scores, brain…
- por Leeat GranekCONCLUSION: Female surgeons report persistent gender inequities embedded in workplace culture, institutional structures, and everyday professional interactions. Efforts to improve equity in surgical specialties should extend beyond recruitment and representation to address workplace culture, institutional structures, and accountability mechanisms that influence professional advancement and retention.
- por Yangbo ZhouCONCLUSIONS: Higher environmental RH is associated with an increased risk of incident stroke among middle-aged and older adults in China, and this association may be partially mediated through frailty. Gender differences were observed, with the association being more pronounced in men. These findings suggest that exposure to high-humidity environments should be considered in primary stroke prevention and healthy aging management, with enhanced risk identification and health guidance for…
- por Reza Shirazi NiaGlioblastoma (GBM) remains a major challenge in neuro-oncology, associated with a high rate of mortality despite decades of intensive research and therapeutic advancements, underscoring the urgent need for innovative preclinical platforms that can more accurately recapitulate the biological and pathological features of human disease. While conventional animal models have contributed to our understanding of GBM biology and the evaluation of treatment efficacy, they fail to capture the full…
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- por Gervith Reyes SotoSpinal metastases impose urgent diagnostic and therapeutic demands; however, evidence from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Latin America is sparse. We aimed to characterize real-world practices, access gaps, and priorities to in-form context-adapted guidelines. We conducted a multinational, cross-sectional online survey (September-October 2025) of licensed clinicians managing spinal metastases across 20 Latin American countries. A validated multilingual instrument (60 items;…
- por Álex MenéndezNo abstract
- por Rodrigo M Carrillo-LarcoCONCLUSIONS: For medical AI applications and research that require knowledge bases from Spanish-speaking countries and those exhibiting similar epidemiological profiles to Peru's, interested parties should utilize medgemma-27b-text-it.
- por Susanna TagliabueCONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated that different CAR indices lead to different interpretations and further analysis and clinical trials are merited. We call for the release of open data-sets to enable this.
- por Florencia HaaseGlycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) are essential for neuronal development, synaptic organization and signaling. Defects in GPI-anchor biosynthesis or remodeling cause rare neurodevelopmental disorders, including post-GPI attachment to proteins 1 (PGAP1) deficiency. PGAP1 encodes an inositol deacylase required for GPI-anchor remodeling and appropriate trafficking and membrane localization of GPI-APs. Loss of PGAP1 function disrupts GPI-AP processing, but the clinical…
- por Zoltan UngvariThe Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is well established for its cardiometabolic benefits and has increasingly been linked to reduced cancer risk. While protective associations with colorectal cancer are consistently reported, evidence for other gastrointestinal and upper aerodigestive malignancies remains less comprehensively synthesized. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the risk of head and neck, gastric,…
- por Konstantin KaganovskyThe inaccessibility of human brain tissue limits the study of human development and function, a challenge that human stem-cell-derived neural models are beginning to address^(1,2). Transplantation of neural organoids into rodent hosts enables the in vivo study of aspects of human neurodevelopment and circuit function, alongside behavioural phenotyping of the host animals. However, spatial limitations and competition with host circuits constrain the integration of neural organoids, which is…
- por Jesper Qvist ThomassenAmong the more than 90 identified genetic risk loci for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias, the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene ɛ2/ɛ3/ɛ4 polymorphisms remain the longstanding benchmark for genetic disease risk with a consistently large effect across studies^(1-10). Despite this massive signal, the exact mechanisms by which ɛ4 increases and ɛ2 decreases dementia risk remain poorly understood. Notably, recent trials of anti-amyloid therapies suggest less efficacy and higher…
- por Virág ZábóChronic occupational stress is increasingly recognized as a modifiable accelerator of biological aging, yet it remains underappreciated as a target of geroscience-informed public health intervention. This review reframes workplace stress as a life-course determinant of aging trajectories and introduces a translational framework that positions occupational environments as platforms for promoting healthy aging. Drawing on insights from the Semmelweis Study, a large longitudinal occupational…
- por Marta García-PobletBackground/Objectives: Adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are particularly vulnerable to psychological distress, disordered-eating (DE) risk and negative self-perceived health status (SPHS), which may compromise metabolic control and self-care. Although these factors have been studied individually, the usefulness of brief and clinically feasible screening tools to detect these dimensions remains underexplored. This study aimed to: (1) examine associations between distress, DE risk…
- por Kalil G AbdullahThe metabolic hallmarks of high-grade glioma (HGG) are not fully understood. Human brain tissue metabolomics revealed that the creatine synthesis pathway intermediate guanidinoacetate (GAA) accumulated ∼100-fold in HGGs relative to controls, which was caused by imbalanced activities of enzymes in this pathway. Glioma cells secreted GAA rather than using it to produce creatine, implicating an alternative function. GAA accumulates in GAA N-methyltransferase (GAMT) deficiency, an inborn error of…
- por Malen RazkinCONCLUSION: Electrophysiological sensing, when integrated with imaging data, enhances the iden-tification of optimal STN contacts and supports efficient DBS programming.
- por Pablo Jordá-GómezCONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of work-related AO Spine type A1 vertebral compression fractures, treatment strategy was strongly associated with occupational recovery. Patients treated with vertebroplasty had shorter sick leave than those managed with orthopedic bracing or spinal arthrodesis. Because treatment allocation was non-randomized, these findings should be interpreted as associations rather than evidence of causality. Prospective studies incorporating standardized functional and…
- por Anders BroechnerCONCLUSIONS: In this observational cohort, males with WHO grade II meningiomas who received GTR had a higher risk of early recurrence than females, an effect that appeared to be age dependent. These results do not exclude the possibility of sex-related risk differences in more slowly growing WHO grade I meningiomas with follow-up beyond 10 years. The findings raise the possibility of biological contributions linked to sex hormones, and the impact of sex on these survival outcomes should be…
- por Clemente García-HidalgoCONCLUSIONS: Advanced vascular and metabolic perfusion biomarkers enabled multidimensional tumor profiling beyond conventional CBV, achieving high and reproducible diagnostic performance across acquisition parameters and providing a potential framework for robust presurgical DSC-PWI assessment of the main adult brain tumors.