- por Hui JinObjectivePrediction of mutation-induced enzyme activity changes is important for protein engineering, drug response analysis, and precision medicine. Existing methods often depend on structural information or complex external pipelines, limiting reproducibility and practical use.MethodsWe developed EnzyDiff, a lightweight diffusion-based framework that encodes mutation-induced activity perturbations from enzyme sequences before and after mutation, together with mutation identity and position….
- por Jinpyo HongObjectiveTo compare effectiveness, safety, and clinical outcomes between age-defined endoscopic and open craniosynostosis repair cohorts.MethodsWe queried the NSQIP database for patients with craniosynostosis (ICD-10 Q75.0) who underwent craniectomy. Since Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes do not distinguish operative approach, age was used as a surrogate: patients aged ≤4 months were classified as endoscopic and those aged 6-12 months as open; patients aged >4 to
- Overcoming emerging challenges in childhood cancer survivorship: a spotlight on pediatric CNS tumorspor Elisabetta SchiavelloINTRODUCTION: Pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the most common solid malignancies in children. Advances in multimodal therapies have improved survival, resulting in a growing population of long-term survivors who often experience treatment-related morbidity affecting quality of life and functional outcomes. This underscores the importance of comprehensive survivorship care.
- por Junchen SiChronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) contributes to vascular dementia (VaD) through intestinal dysfunction, reduced hippocampal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuronal apoptosis. This study investigated whether fructooligosaccharides (FOS) alleviate CCH-induced cognitive and intestinal dysfunction and explored the potential involvement of SCFA-associated gut-brain signaling. CCH was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by bilateral common…
- por Wenjing WuCONCLUSION: In this small series of surgically treated infants, progressive cyst enlargement before surgery was observed in selected patients, suggesting that cyst growth may remain active during infancy in some cases. Neuroendoscopic cyst fenestration was associated with substantial long-term radiological reduction in most patients; however, postoperative subdural effusion was frequent, and subdural hemorrhage occasionally required additional surgical treatment. These observations raise the…
- por Marialuisa ZeddeNo abstract
- por Artem RafaelianThe posterior cranial fossa (PCF) contains critical neural structures, including the cerebellum and brainstem, whose volumetric relationships play an essential role in normal neurological function. While cranial bone growth is completed in early adulthood, brain structures may undergo age-related changes, particularly prominent in patients with stroke, potentially altering craniocerebral relationships within the PCF. Data on volumetric changes of the PCF and its contents in the adult population…
- por Shuhei TokiwaCONCLUSION: Discharge FAC carries prognostic information not captured by contemporaneous global performance status and is a practical bedside marker at the transition to post-discharge care, rather than a stand-alone prediction tool.
- por Emily A LauCONCLUSION: Data suggest that vorasidenib-induced liver injury is hepatocellular with a subset that presents with autoimmune-like features which responds to a finite course of corticosteroids.
- por Yanlong HuThe simple, rapid, and inexpensive mold silicone infusion technique is recognized by neuroanatomical laboratories. This study optimized the dye-staining step of the mold silicone perfusion technique and explored the optimal method for staining mold silicone. Vascular perfusion was performed in six embalmed anatomical donor heads. Three were perfused using the conventional technique with fat-soluble-dyed mold silicone, and the other three using the rapid-curing technique with water-soluble-dyed…
- por Helbert de Oliveira Manduca PalmieroCONCLUSION: Headache affects most patients with cranial bone defects, presenting as a moderate-to-severe, defect-site-predominant syndrome with pressure-mediated features and a rich neurological accompaniment. Systematic headache assessment and evidence-based analgesic protocols are warranted in this population pending cranioplasty.
- por Wouter I SchievinkBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Spontaneous spinal CSF leaks cause intracranial hypotension (SIH) and may be complicated by bibrachial amyotrophy (BBA), but the clinical and radiographic features of this complication are not well characterized. The objective of this study was to identify the unique characteristics and outcomes of treatment in patients with SIH and BBA.
- por Mašan SredanovićNo abstract
- por Cheng ChenBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Given the natural history of hemorrhagic moyamoya disease (hMMD) is unclear and research on long-term outcomes following indirect revascularization is limited, this study sought to assess its natural course and the efficacy of indirect revascularization.
- por Alexander E DruyTumor maturation is a property of neuroblastomas but can also be observed in unique cases of primary brain malignancies. We hypothesized that the mechanisms of peripheral and central neurogenic tumor maturation could be similar. This study encompassed 19 cases of neuroblastoma and solitary cases of CNS tumors having undergone a morphologically verified maturation. The tumors were analyzed by sequencing and gene expression profiling. We revealed potential similarity of different tumor types upon…
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- por Lucas ZimmerGlioblastoma recurrence is largely driven by diffuse infiltration beyond radiologically visible margins, yet current radiotherapy guidelines rely on uniform margin expansions that ignore patient-specific biology and anatomy. While computational models promise to map this invisible growth and guide personalized planning, their clinical translation is hindered by a lack of standardized benchmarking and reproducible validation. To bridge this gap, we present PREDICT-GBM, an open-source platform…
- por Ana Cláudia de SouzaCONCLUSIONS: In this large, contemporary, multinational registry cohort, all 3 prognostic scores demonstrated acceptable-to-excellent discriminative ability for discharge outcomes following spontaneous ICH. ICH Functional Outcome Score consistently achieved the highest discriminative performance across all endpoints, whereas max-ICH provided a pragmatic and robust alternative based on routinely available clinical variables.
- por José Angel Pineda-PardoCONCLUSIONS: Thermal efficiency in MRgFUS cannot be adequately characterized by SDR alone. A multivariate efficiency model integrating five skull descriptors substantially outperforms SDR-based screening, providing a more informative and continuous representation of treatment feasibility and enabling pre-procedural estimation of expected energy requirements. When combined with treatment parameters and cumulative thermal history, multivariate models enable accurate sonication-wise temperature…
- por Herman VercruysseCONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensional planning tools and cutting guides facilitate the design of Le Fort III osteotomy and the determination of the distraction vector. The implementation of a 3D-printed supraorbital reference bar ensures the precise transfer of the surgical plan to the operating room.
- por Clemente García-HidalgoCONCLUSIONS: Advanced vascular and metabolic perfusion biomarkers enabled multidimensional tumor profiling beyond conventional CBV, achieving high and reproducible diagnostic performance across acquisition parameters and providing a potential framework for robust presurgical DSC-PWI assessment of the main adult brain tumors.
- por Yazan AshouriCONCLUSIONS: Patients with higher MCA tortuosity were less likely to achieve first-pass effect, successful reperfusion, and good functional outcome at 90 days postmechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke.
- por Nicole KhezriCONCLUSIONS: Given that certain risk factors are associated with specific subtypes of HT, our analysis demonstrates the importance of not only reporting symptomatic HT but also classifying HT into subtypes in clinical trials. Identifying risk factors associated with HT subtypes may improve prognostic accuracy and guide post-EVT monitoring.
- por Sergi Garcia-RetortilloCONCLUSION: Incremental cycling reorganizes multisystem coordination, shifting from leg-dominant toward a distributed muscle-heart-lung network with fatigue. Exercise responses thus arise not only from individual systems, but also from their dynamic coupling as an integrated network. These network markers provide a novel, complementary dimension for assessing integrative physiological function during exercise.
- por GBD 2023 Second-hand smoke CollaboratorsBACKGROUND: Second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure remains a major source of morbidity and mortality among non-smokers. This study presents the first dedicated Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) publication to systematically quantify SHS prevalence and evaluate its effect as a global risk factor across a broader range of outcomes.
- por Victoria Becerra CastroCONCLUSIONS: iMRI in pediatric neurosurgical procedures was a useful, safe, and reliable tool. Its use improved the extension of tumor removal and avoids the need for early reintervention. Limitations were associated with the application of strict safety protocols to prevent accidents in highly complex environments and the inherent challenges associated with positioning pediatric patients due to headrests and non-compatible surgical tables.
- por Ryuhjin AhnDysregulation of intracellular signaling networks underpins cancer. Yet, resolving signaling networks within distinct or rare cell types in cancer in vivo has been unattainable. Here we develop INSIGHT by integrating cell sorting with mass spectrometry to enable quantitative phosphoproteomics and proteomics of discrete cell types from fixed tissues. Using INSIGHT, we map the signaling network within disseminating glioblastoma cells from patient-derived xenografts implanted in mice. Disseminating…
- por Manuel VillaCONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that Libra provides a notable improvement in identifying tumoral tissue under low spectral resolution scenarios, offering a potential tool to support intraoperative decision-making. The framework's configurability and performance across datasets highlight its potential for future integration into real-time surgical guidance systems, subject to further clinical validation and timing analysis.
- por Tracey van der VeenBipolar disorder's (BD) clinical heterogeneity has an unresolved genetic basis. We meta-analyzed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 16 BD subphenotypes in 226,032 individuals from 57 cohorts (38,022 cases); 10 advanced to multivariate and multi-trait analyses. Four factors (compulsive, psychotic, dysregulated, internalizing) explained 82.8% of shared genetic variance. BD1 and BD2 loaded on distinct factors despite a high genetic correlation; 87.0% of common-factor loci were significant in…
- por Lisa GoudmanDifferential target multiplexed spinal cord stimulation (DTM SCS) is a stimulation paradigm for chronic pain management that aims to modulate neuron-glial interactions. In parallel, closed-loop SCS systems using evoked compound action potential (ECAP) sensing have been introduced to adjust stimulation output in response to measured neural activation. Although clinical evidence for DTM SCS has expanded, data remain limited for patients with Persistent Spinal Pain Syndrome Type 2 (PSPS-T2),…
- por Álvaro Moleón-RuizFunctional neurosurgery has evolved from a marginal and controversial intervention into a promising, technically feasible option for carefully selected patients with treatment-resistant psychiatric disorders. Among available techniques, deep brain stimulation has gained increasing clinical acceptance for selected patients with severe obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette syndrome, while other psychiatric indications, including treatment-resistant depression, substance use disorders,…